PrintMineral dissolution and precipitation occur ubiquitously in natural systems. As minerals dissolve, chemicals in rocks are released into water, reducing solid mass and increasing aqueous concentrations. Mineral dissolution also opens up porosity for water storage. The opposite occurs when mineral precipitates and clog pore spaces. In the deep subsurface where we extract energy (e.g., oil, gas, geothermal energy) from, mineral dissolution and precipitation change the geochemical surface and water-conducting capacity, therefore regulating the energy extraction processes. Over geological times, the chemical and physical property alteration transforms rocks into soils and is called chemical weathering. Chemical weathering, together with physical weathering (erosion), shapes the Earth’s surface. Chemical weathering consumes carbon dioxide and locks them into carbonate minerals, which regulates the atmospheric CO2 level and sustain relatively clement earth conditions (Kump et al., 2000).